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2 ;"TAPE DIAGNOSTICS" 2 ;" "; 2 '"To continue press any key.": 2 '"To continue press any key." 1 diag 6 1 diag 1 ;"scilogram" 1 ;"ime analyzing" 1 ;"Waiting for command" 1 ;"Verify function" 1 ;"Use only specified commands" 1 ;"Timing analysis" 1 ;"Recording check" 1 ;"Press any key to continue" 1 ;"Press a key to continue." 1 ;"Oscilogram" 1 ;" to create it,"'"else press any key to continue." 1 ;" key,"'"you can see 8 horizontal axes"'"with scale and 8 lines of data." 1 '"What should occur now is"'"described in Chapter 6 of"'"Introduction Manual." 1 '"To return to the menu press"'" any key " 1 '"To return to the main menu press"; 1 '"To exit from this program press"'"- "; 1 '"To determine whether the lengths"'"are the proper ones, use the"'"TIME ANALYSIS function. It tells"'"you how often a particular"'"length of pulse was in the part"'"having been read." 1 '"This program enables you to"'"obtain maximum reliability when"'"your SPECTRUM is cooperating"'"with your tape recorder. You can"'"check both LOAD and SAVE"'"functions if they are working"'"properly and without troubles." 1 '"This funcion will verify the"'"file saved by RECORD funcion."'"If you have not made this file, press "; 1 '"The picture will stop if you"'"press the "; 1 '"The peaks representing the"'"length of 'zero', 'one' and"'"'leader' pulses should be as"'"narrow as possible and they"'"should NOT to appear in the"; 1 '"Now you can freely experiment"'"with load and save checking." 1 '"Now will SPECTRUM save a file of"'"4000 bytes." 1 '"Now START THE TAPE and wiew the"'"lines with data. If the signal"'"goes properly to the computer,"'"you can see changing pulses,"'"which should be symetrical and"'"about 5-9 units long." 1 '"If you are sure that some pulses"'"are going to the computer,"'"now adjust the volume and tone"'"control to get the best picture." 1 '"If the computer reads the pulses"'"from your tape recorder, it"'"counts their lengths to decide"'"which type of pulse it is."'"To be the loading succeful, the"'"lengths must be those which"'"SPECTRUM expects. By adjusting"'"the volume and tone control on"'"your recorder the lengths are"'"longer or shorter." 1 '"If all this works well, you can"'"load original manufactured"'"programs without troubles. But"'"keep in mind that every tape"'"has different parameters and"'"that the tone and volume control"'"may be valid only for one type"'"of cassetes. For other types use"'"TIME ANALYSIS again and note"'"the proper positions on each"'"tape. This will prevent you"'"from later troubles." 1 '"Get the recorder ready for"'"SAVING, i.e. press RECORD and"'"PLAY on your recorder." 1 '"For verifying the file press"'"- "; 1 '"For time analyzing press"'"- "; 1 '"For record checking press"'"- "; 1 '"For obtaining oscilogram press"'"- "; 1 '"For detail explanation press"'"- "; 1 '"Done. Now rewind the tape and"'"at first check the new file"'"by OSCILOGRAM and TIMING ANLYSIS"'"and if will all pass OK, rewind"'"the tape again and use the"'"VERIFY function of this program"'"to make sure, that the whole"'"file is recorded properly." 1 '"Done. File recorded and verified"'' 1 '"As you may know, inside the"'"computer is all stored as BYTES."'"These bytes are formed from 8"'"BITS each. While a byte can have"'"a value from 0 to 255, a bit can"'"be only 0 and 1. More about this"'"you can find in Chapter 24 and"'"Appendix E of SPECTRUM Manual." 1 '"As the tape recorder knows only"'"audible tones, these bits must"'"be recorded as tones. You may"'"remember from physics, that each"'"sound is composed from a lot of"'"pulses. Your computer uses"'"three different lengths of"'"two-level pulses to represent"'"the '0' and '1' bits and the"'"longest pulse forms a LEADER of"'"each file." 1 '"After pressing the "; 1 '"After pressing a key the file"'"will be verified. If there will"'"be no signal, press BREAK to";"stop the prgram. If there will"'"be a loading error, the report R";"will be signalled. In either"'"case, type RUN and ENTER to"'"return to this program." 1 "To demonstrate this and to make"'"sure that a signal is going to"'"the computer, use the OSCILOGRAM"'"function of this program. This "'"will show you how the pulses"'"are looking." 1 "If you want also to record your"'"programs and data, you should"'"check also the SAVE function."'"You can either use the RECORD"'"function of this program, or "'"simply save any file in BASIC." 1 "Each piece of information going"'"between the computer and tape"'"recorder is represented as a row"'"of bits."